Hello All,
I'm preparing an estimate for a job that calls for S4S material.
The job calls for Red Maple, finished to widths of:
12"
11.25"
9.25"
7.25"
5.5"
5"
1.5"
All material will be in 10' lenghts. After I sawmill it and kiln dry it, I'll send it to a local mill shop for S4S finishing.
My question is what cull factor should I use?
Mark
Not sure what you refer to as "cull". I'd take 'cull' to mean wood volume removed because of holes, splits, or rot, etc.
Usually thought of as a class of quality that is below any usable grade (of logs) and referred to as 'below grade' in lumber.
Are you thinking of the loss in volume (bd. ft. ) as a result of edging and planing dry, rough-sawn lumber into S4S boards?
:)
OK let me define cull for my purpose.
How much material I should expect to loose due to excessive cupping, warping, twisting or some other reason that the baord can not be planed or edged in to its final dimension.
I have assumed that there will be a loss factor when I unpack the kiln charge and inspect the material that I will take to the planning mill for finishing. This assumption is based on; to-date, in each charge there has always been a losse of material to the conditions mentioned above. Usually not that great, but on this job I need to provide a specified amount of material in each of his defined dimensions. I want to make sure I have enough to send to the mill for planning. But, I do not want to kill my profit margine by sending too much.
The whole order comes to a little over 2Mbf or a little over 3,000 linear feet.
Does this shead more light into my question?
Mark
Ga-Boy,
I read once, long ago, that the expected degrade of hardwoods from air-drying to finishing was 60%.
That seems a little excessive to me and I think they weren't considering the salvagable material but rather the entire board. Some people cull more than others. I don't. Age has me culling less, I think. All the girls are pretty. ;D
I wouldn't suggest that you use the 60% figure but I would suggest that you be prepared for a pretty good hit. :)
Ga_Boy
Thanks, as we have a better idea now what you are looking for.
Much depends on the grade of the lumber in the kiln, the amount of warp you get from drying (sticker spacing, top weight, drying conditions, etc). Red maple may warp more as it likely didn't come from real straight trees (another variable) than some other species. I think I'd go with Tom's 60% and hopefully be on the safe side this time. Sounds like you don't have any numbers from previous kiln loads of red maple, but you will get some good experience from this one. If you do have some previous experience, or a pic. of the lumber stacked in the kiln, that would help.
Hello Ga-Boy:
I have a German woodworker friend who uses the term - "fifty percent of your fibre will usually make your target - the other fifty percent will be fall-down of one sort or another." So Tom's numbers are in the ball park.
This exercise is for a quote. If I get the job, I'll buy 4Mbf of 1or 2 Maple logs, I want to make sure I have enough to send to the planning mill for surfacing.
What I do not send to the mill, I'll add to my inventory for sell as rough sawn....
If nothing else this is a good exercise in estimating for jobs....
When sawing maple of any kind for kiln drying and to meet the highest grade possible I do suggest that you keep the side lumber separate from the rest of the lumber. The side lumber tends to be the better grade lumber. We also do this with white birch.
So when buying your logs make DanG sure that you buy enough logs to get atleast double of what your order is in side lumber. The side lumber will also cup and twist less. Now I do not know how straight or twisted your logs will be but I do know that when sawing other maples and white or red birch that a 10 foot length is hard to come by straight enough to meet select, number 1, or number2 grades.
Brad.
Mark,
A local mill here in NC was making furniture blanks and other stuff for the no longer existant NC furniture manufactureres. In talking with the manager he noted a 25% loss of material from the saw to the finished product. At the time I was appalled but my experience is that it's probably even more unless you are starting with some perfect logs, but you will still loose some of the heart wood anyway.
Eric